Culture
Just a couple of days after the sad death of the one and only Ameen Sayani, I stumbled upon a photo with him, taken by his son at the NCPA, Mumbai. âAugust 2019â was scrawled on it and I had gone there to deliver the Jamshed Bhabha Memorial Talk on Indian Culture. I was his great admirer. And came to know him well from the time I headed All India Radio and Doordarshan, as CEO, Prasar Bharati.
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As we head to the last day of Navratri it may be good to observe how Hinduism brought together dissimilar customs and rituals in harmony and mutual respect â with no single theme thrusting itself on any. All Hindus agree on the same nine days and ten nights in autumn, but after that, the observances in different regions contrast quite a lot â as the âlocalâ adjusts itself within the âuniversalâ.
Durga in her present form incorporates different streams, like Simha Vahini (the goddess who rides the lion), the Mahishasura Mardini (one who slays the Buffalo-Demon) and the Dashabhuja or ten-armed goddess. They evolved in different stages and ages.
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Few can deny that India is seared right through, over several vexing issues, among which is whether the two sacred epics, the Ramayana and the Mahabharata, are actually history or just myths. There is hardly any middle ground, as rationalists and left- liberals are absolutely certain that the epics are only myths, while a large section of Hindus refuse to believe they are not historical.
Among regional festivals that have been most widely publicised by Bollywood, Karva Chauth takes the pride of place â along with Mumbaiâs Ganesh Festival. But while Ganesh is a pan-Indian Hindu deity, most would never have known the quaint one-day festival called Karva Chauth â had it not been for Hindi cinema.
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Tonight is Lakshmi Puja in Bengal and much of the East, comprising of Assam, Odisha and Tripura. South India has a different tradition of worshiping Lakshmi during 3 of the 9 nights of Navaratri, which ends just five days before. This is how diversity thrives amidst unity in India, for several millennia.
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Aldous Huxley was among the first to brand Gandhi and his movements `anti- scienceâ. âTolstoyanâs and Gandhiites tell us to `return to natureâ,â he said, âin other words, abandon science altogether and live like primitivesâ. This impression was surely in currency and, in the absence of a determined, evidence laden rebuttal, it continues to prevail. Dr Meghnad Saha once told the Russians that he and his fellow scientists had âas little regardâ for Gandhiâs economic and social theories âas you âthe Russiansâ have for Tolstoyâ.
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When I first met Shivendra Singh Dungarpur in 2014, he had just started his Film Heritage Foundation (FHF) in Mumbai. I was then the Chief Executive Officer of Prasar Bharati in Delhi and he wanted archivists from Doordarshan to join his proposed workshop on restoration and preservation of films and audio visual materials. He had captioned it as the âfirst Film Preservation and Restoration School Indiaâ which was to be held in February 2015.
On the 14th of August, 1947, Pakistan broke free from the erstwhile united India and that very night, India declared freedom. Amidst the euphoria and waves of support were doubts, doomsayers and opponents. This new India was not one entity but consisted of 14 British provinces and 565 princely states, with a mind boggling multiplicity of cultural identities, languages and ethnicities. Many were reminded of John Stracheyâs jibe that âthere is not and never was an IndiaâĻno India nation, no people of India.â
Puriâs Ratha Yatra reminds Bengalis about Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu, who was known for his extreme demonstrations of piety and love for Jagannath. When he reached Puri after he took Sannyas in 1510, he was so overwhelmed with emotions that he rushed in a trance to embrace the image of Jagannath â and got roughed up by the priests who took him to be crazy.
We should strengthen the Archaeological Survey of India and lessen its burden of guarding thousands of sites. Only then can it be an effective custodian of the Places of Worship Act.
The Archaeological Survey of Indiaâs (ASI) stand at the Qutub Minar that it cannot permit Hindus to pray there may have reinforced peopleâs faith in plural tolerance. But such a stand has been its traditional policy.
In 2010, there were concerted attempts by a section of Muslims to start namaz at the Qutub Minar and at other prominent Islamic monuments of India. But the ASI simply refused to budge and the culture ministryâs stand was supported by the Union cabinet. The government decided to confront the demand as a law-and-order problem. The section of fanatics gave up their tantrums in the face of such determination.
The ASIâs argument is simple â there are too many contested ânon-worshippedâ monuments that Muslims, Hindus and Buddhists are raring to claim for their prayers and for de facto possession.
>These sites do not belong to any community and are the common property of India and Indians â hence no fresh worship should be allowed so that the delicate equilibrium is maintained. Such a stand could perhaps be studied by the judiciary.
As a festival and a ritual, Charak definitely goes back to pre-Hindu roots that were later absorbed into Hinduism. Its rituals of self flagellation, inflicted-torture and endurance through pain can be seen in different parts of India even now, especially, in the South. In Tamil country, for instance, the same rites of self-torture go under the name of Thaai-Poosam. Where the Rarh part of Western Bengal region is concerned, Charak has been celebrated as an essential part of worship of Dharma Thakur, the primordial god of the indigenous people, throughout the month of Baishakh, that is in April-May.
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